Paphiopedilums are among the easiest orchids to repot. Rather than growths being connected by the thick rhizome of say, a Cattleya, Paphiopedilums grow along a soft stolon that is easy to break or cut. The lightweight leaves lacking pseudobulbs generally require little staking or support after a repot. After potting they can usually be put back to their normal growing area with little special care.

One of the most important considerations in potting Paphiopedilums is choosing an appropriate potting medium. Every grower seems to have a "special recipe" that they use. In general though most growers use a combination of a fine grade moisture-retaining material (peat, chopped osmunda or sphagnum, crumbled rockwool) and an additive to keep the mix from compacting (perlite, sponge rock, fine charcoal, etc.). A fine grade of straight fir bark may also be used with good results. Ask other growers in your area or the vendor of your Paphs what they suggest. The biggest mistake commonly made potting Paphs is to pot them too deep. The leaves should always be above the medium. If the potting mix covers the base of the leaves it will almost certainly lead to rot.